5.1 The internet and the world wide web

By the end of this section you should be able to

• 5.1.1 Distinguish the internet from the world wide web
• 5.1.2 Describe the parts of a URL
• 5.1.3 Describe HTTP and HTTPS
• 5.1.4 Describe the functions of a web browser
• 5.1.5 Explain how a web page is located and displayed
• 5.1.6 Explain session and persistent cookies

Lessons

1. The internet, the web and URLs
2. IP addresses
3. How web pages are found and displayed
4. Cookies

Key vocabulary

Internet

The worldwide infrastructure of connected networks.

World wide web

The collection of websites and web pages accessed using the internet.

URL

A text-based address for a web page, made of the protocol, domain name and file name.

HTTPS

A protocol for transferring web pages securely using encryption.

Domain name server (DNS)

Looks up the IP address that matches a domain name.

Web browser

Software that renders HTML and displays web pages.

Session cookie

A cookie deleted when the browser is closed.

Persistent cookie

A cookie stored on the device until it expires or is deleted.